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题型四阅读理解
云南真题剖析
（2018 -云南中考）
第三部分 阅读理解 （ 共三节，满分 35分）
第一节 根据短文内容，判断正误（正确“T”，错误“ F”）。（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
On a farm lived a father and a son. The father always got up early and read books by the
stove. One morning, the son came up to him and said, “Dad, I read books at night but forget most of them the next morning. What's the good of reading ？”
The father didn't reply to his question at once. He passed him a basket that was used to
carry coal. He said, “Get some water from the river with the basket and then I'l l tell you the answer. ”
The son felt surprised but he did as his father said. He tried many times but every time the water leaked（ 漏掉 ） from the basket.
An hour later, the son came back with the empty basket and told his father it was impossible to hold wate r with the basket. The father said with a smile, “Yes, you are right, my son. The
basket can t hold water. But did you notice the basket was different ？ The son found the dirty
basket had become clean. The father continued, “Reading is like holding water w ith the basket.
Although we can't remember all we read, we have changed while reading. ”
46．The father was used to reading in the morning.
47．The son wondered if reading was good for him.
48．The father didn't answer his son's question because he thought it was stupid.
49．The basket had no difference after the son used it to get water from the river. 50．From the passage, we know that reading can make a difference to a person. 第二节 根据短文内容，从题中所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 （共10小题；每小题 2
分，满分 20分）
A
China covers large areas and has a great population. Different living habits have always been an interesting topic in the country. Recently, another difference between southern Chinese and northern Chinese became a hot one: the way people shop at markets.
People from southern China say that they always buy what they need for just one or two meals.
It is normal for them to buy half of a Chinese cabbage, two potatoes and 0.25 kilograms of beef
at a time.
However, one may be laughed at if he does this in the north. In stead, buying vegetables and
meat eno ugh for a week is usual. Also, you can buy a small amount（数量）of fruit, such as a sin gle
apple or pear, each time in the south. Shop owners even help you peel and cut them. But shop owners in the n orth hardly offer such service. And many fruits are sold in baskets and boxes.
The differe nee could be due to the differe nt weather.
Food can be kept for a long time in the n orth, as it is usually cold and dry there. Many
no rthern Chin ese have the habit of stori ng food, especially for the long win ter. But the hot
and wet weather in the south makes souther n Chin ese buy just eno ugh food for one meal or one
day, or else the food may go bad.
. In southern China, people usually buy at a time.
a small amount of food
a large amount of food
eno ugh food for a week
a lot of meat and vegetables
. If you buy fruits in the south, the shop owners may .
peel and cut them for you
laugh at you
only sell them in boxes and baskets
only sell a single apple or pear
Many northern Chinese have the habit of keeping food because .
the weather is hot and wet
food goes bad quickly
the weather is cold and dry
they live far away from markets
The underlined words “due to ” mean “ ” in Chinese.
所以 B.但是
C.然而 D.因为
Which is the best title for the passage?
Different Weather in China
Different Living Habits in China
Southern Chinese and Northern Chinese
Southern China and Northern China
B
Every school day, we use schoolbags to carry all of our things to school. They are a big
part of our lives. But have you ever thought about the history of the schoolbag?
In the Han Dyn asty（ 汉朝）,stude nts in old-s tyle private schools used bamboo boxes to carry
books to school. People consider the bamboo boxes to be the earliest schoolbags. They were usually two or three layers（层）in the box. Kids put different things like books, brushes, ink stones（砚）
and paper in the boxes.
Hun dreds of years later, people developed a new kind of schoolbag called the budai, or the
“hip-pocket ” . The budai was lighter than the bamboo box. With the founding（成立）of the People's Republic of China, military rucksacks（ 军用帆布包）became popular. Many people carried them when they were in school. Ask your gran dpare nts or pare nts about these bags. Maybe they can tell you about their experie nces of carry ing them whe n they were in school.
A new style of schoolbags has appeared in recent years. Many of them have colorful and
fashi on able desig ns（ 时尚的设计 ）on them, such as pictures of carto ons or pop stars. And they
are more comfortable to use. Some stude nts pull wheeled bags filled with heavy textbooks and
others carry backpacks.
Schoolbags are still cha nging. Can you imagi ne what future schoolbags will be like?
Schoolbags in the Han Dynasty were made of .
cloth B. paper
C. plastic D. bamboo
Which is NOT true according to the passage?
Military rucksacks were popular in the 1950s.
The budai was heavier than the bamboo box.
There are some pictures on the new style of schoolbags.
Schoolbags have changed a lot.
To carry heavy textbooks, students would like to use .
A. wheeled bagsB.
A. wheeled bags
B. military rucksacks
C. bamboo boxesD.
C. bamboo boxes
D. the budai
We can usually read the article in
A. a lettera guidebook
A. a letter
C. a newspaperD. a notice
C. a newspaper
D. a notice
The purpose of the article is
to tell us how to use schoolbags
to explain why we use schoolbags
to introduce the importanee of schoolbags
to introduce the development of schoolbags
第三节 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选
项。（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
Making money isn't just for adults. Kids can do it, too. Making money gives you more tha n
mon ey. 61 By worki ng to make your own mon ey, you'll lear n how to succeed in the world. This
in cludes deali ng with mon ey, un dersta nding and gett ing along with other people. 62 _
Collect soft drink bottles. You can sell the collected bottles and use the money to buy a new
basketball. 63
Make greet ing cards. If you are go od at draw ing, try making special cards. You can sell your
cards to make mon ey.
64 You may have some books that you have read but you don't want to keep. Then you can
sell them to make mon ey.
Win a scholarship（ 奖学金 ）.If you get good grades at school, you can get some money as prize.
65
Sell old books.
Borrow old books.
It's also a learning process.
However, you are polluting the environment.
It's easy to make money if you try the following ways.
This encourages kids to work harder to get better grades.
At the same time, you are keeping the environment clean.
参考答案
【篇章导读】 本文讲述了一个父亲通过竹篮打水的事例，向儿子讲述了读书的作用。
【答案及解析】
46． T 根据第一段第二句知“ The father was used to reading in the morning. ”父亲习惯于在早晨
读书，是正确的。
47． T 根据第一段中的“ Dad, I read books at nigh t but forget most of them the next morning. What's the good of reading ？”可知儿子想知道读书对他是否有好处，所以“ The son wondered if reading was good for him. ”是正确的。
48．F 通读下文知 ，父亲想让儿子通过用竹篮打水这个事实 ，来说明读书的作用 。故知“ The father didn't answer his son's question because he thought it was s tupid. ”父亲没有马上回答儿子的问题是因
为他认为儿子的问题很傻，这句话是错误的。
49． F 根据文中“ The son found the dirty basket had become clean ”儿子发现脏的竹篮子变干净了。
知“ The basket had no difference after the son used it to get water from the river. ”这个竹
篮子在儿子用它在河里打水后没有不同，是错误的。
50．T 根据最后两句知“ From the passage, we know that reading can make a difference to a person. ” 是正确的。
【篇章导读】 本文主要介绍了中国南北方人们不同的购物习惯，这种不同的生活习惯可能是因为中国南 北气候的差异。
【答案及解析】
A
A。51． A 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知南方的人们一次买很少数量的食物，故答案选 A
A。
52． A 细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句可知店主甚至帮你剥皮和切碎。故选
．C 细节理解题。根据最后一段前两句可知北方人有保存食物的习惯是因为北方天气寒冷干燥，食物 容易保存，故正确答案是 C。
54． D 推理断题。分析文章内容，结合句子“ The difference could be due to the different weather. ” 知“南北方购物习惯的不同”和“不同的气候”之间可能存在因果关系，推测“ due to ”的意思是因为，
故选 D。
55 ．B 主旨大意题。通读全文知本文主要介绍了中国南北方人们不同的购物习惯即不同的生活习惯。故 选 B。
B
【篇章导读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了书包的发展历史。
【答案及解析】
56． D 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知选 D。
B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知选项 A是正确的；B选项"The budai was heavier than the
bamboo box.”布袋比竹盒子重。根据常识，很显然是错误的；根据第四段第一句可知选项 C是正确的；
通读全文知选项 D是正确的。故答案选 B。
D 推理判断题。题干的意思是：为了携带很重的课本，学生们愿意使用： A. wheeled bags “带轮子
的袋子”；B. military rucksacks "军用帆布包”；C. bamboo boxes "竹子的箱子”； D. the budai 布
TOC \o "1-5" \h \z 袋”。很显然 B C、D三个选项，都为历史上“书包”，当然现在的学生都愿意使用现代的既时尚又省力 的“带轮子的包”，故答案选 D。
C 推理判断题。
A. a letter “一封信”； B. a guidebook “一本指导书”； C. a newspaper “一份 报纸”； D. a notice “一个通知”。通读全文知这篇文章是一篇说明文，介绍了书包的发展历史。根据
常识，它不可能出现在 A, B, D三个选项上，故答案选 Co
D 主旨大意题。通读全文知本文主要介绍了书包的发展历史，故选答案 D。
【篇章导读】 这篇文章主要讲述了不仅成年人挣钱,孩子也可以挣钱。挣钱也是一个学习的过程,你现 在正在学习的东西,能使你在以后的生活中更好地挣钱。
【答案及解析】
C 根据本空上一句可知,挣钱给予你的不仅仅是钱,它还是一个学习过程。可知选 C。
62 E 根据下文列出的一些挣钱的方法知该空应填 E “ It's easy to make moneyif you try the following
ways.”如果你尝试下列的一些方法，挣钱是很容易的。
63. G 根据第二段第一句可知,你可以把收集的饮料瓶卖掉来买球,这是收集饮料瓶的一大好处。下文 还列举了另一个好处,可以保护环境。故选 G。
greeting64 ． A 通 读 整 篇 文 章 知 “Sell old books” 与 “Collect soft drink bottles ”“ Make cards ”“ Win a scholarship ”是并列的几种挣钱的方法，故填 A。
greeting
65． F 根据最后一段第二句知下一句与成绩有关。故选 F。
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